Brutalist religious architecture in Poland’s Nowa Huta’s workers’ district.

This collection highlights Kraków’s striking Modernist and Brutalist churches, including two photographed in Nowa Huta. Born from a utopian socialist vision under Stalin’s guidance, Nowa Huta is the largest planned socialist district ever built, designed as a “workers’ paradise”. Its location was chosen to challenge Kraków’s bourgeois medieval Old Town, creating a contrasting juxtaposition of ideologies and aesthetics.

Written and photographed by Alexandra van der Essen